并流控速沉淀法制备纳米α-Bi2O3及其光催化降解苯酚性能研究

以五水合硝酸铋为铋源,氢氧化钠为沉淀剂,通过简单易操作的并流控速沉淀法合成了α-Bi2O3纳米颗粒.同时,利用XRD和SEM分析了所获产品的结构与表面形貌.并选用苯酚作为模拟污染物,利用LC3000型高效液相色谱仪对其进行色谱分析,探究了所合成的纳米α-Bi2O3光催化剂的催化性能.当苯酚的质量分数为100μg·g?1、pH=8、α-Bi2O3投加量为60 mg·L?1时,可见光照射180 min,降解率可达92.6％.通过自由基捕获实验发现,在α-Bi2O3光催化降解苯酚体系中主要活性物种为羟基自由基.     

N-苄氧羰基甘氨酰-L-脯氨酸与4'-去甲基表鬼臼毒素的拼接合成及其抗肿瘤活性评价

以4'-去甲基表鬼臼毒素和N-苄氧羰基甘氨酰-L-脯氨酸为原料,通过酯化反应首次得到两种不同构型的拼接产物(3a、3b),其结构经1HNMR、13C NMR和ESI-MS确认.利用MTT法考察化合物3a、3b对HepG2、THP-1、Hela、MCF-7细胞的抑制活性.结果表明,化合物3a、3b对四种细胞都具有抑制作用,以化合物3b对THP-1细胞的作用最突出,其抑制强度是依托泊苷的16.5倍.     

Synthesis and Properties of New Cleavable Cationic Surfactants Containing Carbonate Groups

A novel series of cleavable alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants with different hydrocarbon chain lengths (C8–16) were synthesized. A carbonate break site inserted between the polar head and the hydrocarbon chain makes these compounds hydrolyzable. The reagents used are renewable, (bio)degradable, or reusable. The hydrolysis of these cleavable surfactants will lead to the generation of fatty alcohols and choline, which is an essential biological nutrient. The surface activities in aqueous solution of the synthesized carbonates fulfill the requirement of being good surfactants. In addition, the cleavable compounds containing n-decyl and n-dodecyl chains showed similar or higher antimicrobial activities when compared to a non-cleavable analog.     

The Age-Sensitive Efficacy of Calorie Restriction on Mitochondrial Biogenesis and mtDNA Damage in Rat Liver

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most efficacious treatment to delay the onset of age-related changes such as mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the sensitivity of mitochondrial markers to CR and the age-related boundaries of CR efficacy are not fully elucidated. We used liver samples from ad libitum-fed (AL) rats divided in: 18-month-old (AL-18), 28-month-old (AL-28), and 32-month-old (AL-32) groups, and from CR-treated (CR) 28-month-old (CR-28) and 32-month-old (CR-32) counterparts to assay the effect of CR on several mitochondrial markers. The age-related decreases in citrate synthase activity, in TFAM, MFN2, and DRP1 protein amounts and in the mtDNA content in the AL-28 group were prevented in CR-28 counterparts. Accordingly, CR reduced oxidative mtDNA damage assessed through the incidence of oxidized purines at specific mtDNA regions in CR-28 animals. These findings support the anti-aging effect of CR up to 28 months. Conversely, the protein amounts of LonP1, Cyt c, OGG1, and APE1 and the 4.8 Kb mtDNA deletion content were not affected in CR-28 rats. The absence of significant differences between the AL-32 values and the CR-32 counterparts suggests an age-related boundary of CR efficacy at this age. However, this only partially curtails the CR benefits in counteracting the generalized aging decline and the related mitochondrial involvement.     

Chloroquine-Induced Accumulation of Autophagosomes and Lipids in the Endothelium

Chloroquine (CQ) is an antimalarial drug known to inhibit autophagy flux by impairing autophagosome–lysosome fusion. We hypothesized that autophagy flux altered by CQ has a considerable influence on the lipid composition of endothelial cells. Thus, we investigated endothelial responses induced by CQ on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). HMEC-1 cells after CQ exposure were measured using a combined methodology based on label-free Raman and fluorescence imaging. Raman spectroscopy was applied to characterize subtle chemical changes in lipid contents and their distribution in the cells, while the fluorescence staining (LipidTox, LysoTracker and LC3) was used as a reference method. The results showed that CQ was not toxic to endothelial cells and did not result in the endothelial inflammation at concentrations of 1–30 µM. Notwithstanding, it yielded an increased intensity of LipidTox, LysoTracker, and LC3 staining, suggesting changes in the content of neutral lipids, lysosomotropism, and autophagy inhibition, respectively. The CQ-induced endothelial response was associated with lipid accumulation and was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. CQ-induced autophagosome accumulation in the endothelium is featured by a pronounced alteration in the lipid profile, but not in the endothelial inflammation. Raman-based assessment of CQ-induced biochemical changes offers a better understanding of the autophagy mechanism in the endothelial cells.     

基于数值模拟的嘉兴城区河网水文特征

基于MIKE 11河网水动力模型,利用2010年—2019年实测气象水文资料,分析了嘉兴城区大包围圈内外主要河流的入流和出流特征.结果显示:嘉兴城区主要来流河道是苏州塘和杭州塘,出流河道主要为长纤塘、嘉善塘和平湖塘;平均来流量为88.2 m3/s,出流量为93.3 m3/s;年均和月均来流量变化较大,最枯月的平均来流量为50.1 m3/s,90％保证率枯水月的平均来流量为59.3 m3/s;大包围圈内部河道的平均流量为28.3 m3/s,平均出流量为19.1 m3/s,这表明大量外部来水未进入大包围圈内部河道,而是通过环郊河"短路"绕过嘉兴城区,流向东北;大包围圈内部河道的最枯月平均入流量为14.5 m3/s,90％保证率枯水月的平均入流量为18.3 m3/s.研究结果可为嘉兴城区河网综合规划和生态治理提供科学依据.     

氢能发展趋势分析及对石化企业的建议

近年来,随着全球气候变暖和对能源安全方面的考量,氢能产业在全球范围内升温,美国、日本、欧盟等发达国家及地区相继制定了氢能发展战略及规划,日本在全球氢能产业发展中表现突出,国家政策导向明确,氢能产业已成体系.我国已将氢能开发利用作为能源技术发展的重要战略方向,将"推动充电、加氢等设施建设"首次写入2019年《政府工作报告》,石化企业在国家及各级地方政府政策和规划的激励下,积极开展氢能开发利用研究.能源转型是一个漫长的过程,氢能在制取、储存运输以及利用方面还存在碳排放、安全、成本等技术障碍.建议石化企业要保持环保初心、利用自身优势,绿色开展化石能源制氢及利用.     

扫描路径对激光立体成型GH3536合金组织与性能的影响

GH3536合金是制造航空发动燃油喷嘴的主要材料。相比于传统的加工工艺，激光立体成形技术具有近净成形等优点，更适于生产结构复杂的结构件，降低成本。而扫描路径在激光立体成形过程中有至关重要的作用。本文采用金相、XRD、SEM、拉伸等检测手段探究45°交叉光栅式与往复交叉光栅式两种扫描路径对激光立体成形GH3536合金的影响。结果表明，两种扫描路径对成形后的GH3536合金显微组织影响不大。基体都是γ相，晶界有M23C6型碳化物，晶内既有M23C6型碳化物也有M6C碳化物的存在。往复交叉光栅式的热量累积稍高于45 °交叉光栅式，导致其孔隙率较大，高度较高。两种扫描路径的拉伸性能相近。断裂方式均为塑性断裂，裂纹发生在碳化物处，以沿晶断裂为主。     

铁的磷酸盐纳米颗粒的控制合成及表征

以FeCl3·6H2O、Na3 PO4和NaAc为原料,以乙二醇与水的混合物为溶剂,通过溶剂热法在210℃的条件下反应8h制备了铁的磷酸盐纳米颗粒.通过改变溶剂中乙二醇与水的量、Na3PO4的量、NaAc的量可以得到不同尺寸的铁的磷酸盐纳米颗粒样品.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)手段对产物的形貌和结构进行了表征和研究.